tor-webwml.git

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2) # Revision: $Revision$
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4) #include "head.wmi" TITLE="Linux/BSD/Unix Install Instructions"

5) 
6) <div class="center">
7) 
8) <div class="main-column">
9) 
10) <h1>Running the <a href="<page index>">Tor</a> client on Linux/BSD/Unix</h1>
11) <br />
12) 
13) <p>
14) <b>Note that these are the installation instructions for running a Tor
15) client. If you want to relay traffic for others to help the network grow
16) (please do), read the <a

17) href="<page docs/tor-doc-server>">Configuring a server</a> guide.</b>

18) </p>
19) 
20) <hr />
21) <a id="installing"></a>
22) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#installing">Step One: Download and Install Tor</a></h2>
23) <br />
24) 
25) <p>
26) The latest release of Tor can be found on the <a
27) href="<page download>">download</a> page. We have packages for Debian,
28) Red Hat, Gentoo, *BSD, etc there too.
29) </p>
30) 
31) <p>If you're building from source, first install <a
32) href="http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/">libevent</a>, and
33) make sure you have openssl and zlib (including the -devel packages if

34) applicable). Then run:<br />
35) <tt>tar xzf tor-<version-stable>.tar.gz; cd tor-<version-stable><br />
36) ./configure &amp;&amp; make</tt><br />
37) Now you can run tor as <tt>src/or/tor</tt>, or you can run <tt>make install</tt>

38) (as root if necessary) to install it into /usr/local/, and then you can
39) start it just by running <tt>tor</tt>.
40) </p>
41) 
42) <p>Tor comes configured as a client by default. It uses a built-in
43) default configuration file, and most people won't need to change any of
44) the settings. Tor is now installed.
45) </p>
46) 
47) <hr />
48) <a id="privoxy"></a>
49) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#privoxy">Step Two: Install Privoxy for Web Browsing</a></h2>
50) <br />
51) 
52) <p>After installing Tor, you need to configure your applications to use it.
53) </p>
54) 
55) <p>
56) The first step is to set up web browsing. Start by installing <a
57) href="http://www.privoxy.org/">Privoxy</a>: click on 'recent releases'
58) and pick your favorite package or install from source. Privoxy is a
59) filtering web proxy that integrates well with Tor.
60) </p>
61) 

62) <p>Once you've installed Privoxy (either from package or from source),
63) <b>you will need to configure Privoxy to use Tor</b>.

64) Open Privoxy's "config" file (look in /etc/privoxy/ or /usr/local/etc/)
65) and add the line <br>
66) <tt>forward-socks4a / localhost:9050 .</tt><br>
67) to the top of the config file. Don't forget to add the dot at the end.
68) </p>
69) 
70) <p>Privoxy keeps a log file of everything passed through it.  In

71) order to stop this you will need to comment out three lines by inserting a
72) \# before the line. The three lines are:<br>

73) <tt>logfile logfile</tt><br>
74) and the line <br>
75) <tt>jarfile jarfile</tt><br>

76) and (on some systems) the line <br>
77) <tt>debug 1  # show each GET/POST/CONNECT request</tt><br>

78) </p>
79) 
80) <p>You'll need to restart Privoxy for the changes to take effect.</p>
81) 
82) <hr />
83) <a id="using"></a>
84) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#using">Step Three: Configure your applications to use Tor</a></h2>
85) <br />
86) 
87) <p>After installing Tor and Privoxy, you need to configure your
88) applications to use them. The first step is to set up web browsing.</p>
89) 

90) <p>If you're using Firefox (we recommend it), simply install the <a

91) href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/2275/">Torbutton

92) plugin</a>, restart your Firefox, and you're all set:
93) </p>

94) 

95) <img alt="Torbutton plugin for Firefox"
96) src="../img/screenshot-torbutton.png"
97) border="1">

98) 

99) <br />
100) 

101) <p>

102) (<a href="http://freehaven.net/~squires/torbutton/">Learn more about
103) Torbutton here</a>.
104) If you plan to run Firefox on a different computer than Tor, see the <a

105) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SocksListenAddress">
106) FAQ
107) entry for running Tor on a different computer</a>. If you need to
108) use a browser other than Firefox, you'll have to <a href="<page
109) docs/tor-doc-web>">configure its proxy settings yourself</a>.)
110) </p>

111) 
112) <p>Using privoxy is <strong>necessary</strong> because <a
113) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SOCKSAndDNS">browsers
114) leak your DNS requests when they use a SOCKS proxy directly</a>, which
115) is bad for your anonymity. Privoxy also removes certain dangerous
116) headers from your web requests, and blocks obnoxious ad sites like
117) Doubleclick.</p>
118) 
119) <p>To Torify other applications that support HTTP proxies, just
120) point them at Privoxy (that is, localhost port 8118). To use SOCKS
121) directly (for instant messaging, Jabber, IRC, etc), you can point
122) your application directly at Tor (localhost port 9050), but see <a
123) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SOCKSAndDNS">this
124) FAQ entry</a> for why this may be dangerous. For applications
125) that support neither SOCKS nor HTTP, take a look at <a
126) href="http://tsocks.sourceforge.net/">tsocks</a> or <a
127) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorifyHOWTO#socat">socat</a>.
128) </p>
129) 
130) <p>For information on how to Torify other applications, check out the
131) <a href="http://wiki.noreply.org/wiki/TheOnionRouter/TorifyHOWTO">Torify
132) HOWTO</a>.
133) </p>
134) 
135) <hr />
136) <a id="verify"></a>
137) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#verify">Step Four: Make sure it's working</a></h2>
138) <br />
139) 
140) <p>
141) Next, you should try using your browser with Tor and make

142) sure that your IP address is being anonymized. Click on

143) <a href="http://lefkada.eecs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/ipaddr.pl?tor=1">the
144) Tor detector</a>
145) and see whether it thinks you're using Tor or not.
146) #<a href="http://ipchicken.com/">this site</a>
147) #to see what IP address it thinks you're using.

148) (If that site is down, see <a
149) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#IsMyConnectionPrivate">this
150) FAQ entry</a> for more suggestions on how to test your Tor.)
151) </p>
152) 
153) <p>If you have a personal firewall that limits your computer's
154) ability to connect to itself (this includes something like SELinux on
155) Fedora Core 4), be sure to allow connections from
156) your local applications to Privoxy (local port 8118) and Tor (local port
157) 9050). If
158) your firewall blocks outgoing connections, punch a hole so
159) it can connect to at least TCP ports 80 and 443, and then see <a
160) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#FirewalledClient">this
161) FAQ entry</a>.  If your SELinux config is not allowing tor or privoxy to
162) run correctly, create a file named booleans.local in the directory
163) /etc/selinux/targeted.  Edit this file in your favorite text editor and
164) insert "allow_ypbind=1".  Restart your machine for this change to take
165) effect.
166) </p>
167) 
168) <p>If it's still not working, look at <a
169) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#ItDoesntWork">this
170) FAQ entry</a> for hints.</p>
171) 
172) <hr />
173) <a id="server"></a>
174) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#server">Step Five: Configure it as a server</a></h2>
175) <br />
176) 
177) <p>The Tor network relies on volunteers to donate bandwidth. The more
178) people who run servers, the faster the Tor network will be. If you have
179) at least 20 kilobytes/s each way, please help out Tor by configuring your
180) Tor to be a server too. We have many features that make Tor servers easy
181) and convenient, including rate limiting for bandwidth, exit policies so
182) you can limit your exposure to abuse complaints, and support for dynamic
183) IP addresses.</p>
184) 
185) <p>Having servers in many different places on the Internet is what
186) makes Tor users secure. <a
187) href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#ServerAnonymity">You
188) may also get stronger anonymity yourself</a>,
189) since remote sites can't know whether connections originated at your
190) computer or were relayed from others.</p>
191) 

192) <p>Read more at our <a href="<page docs/tor-doc-server>">Configuring a server</a>

193) guide.</p>
194) 
195) <hr />
196) 

197) <p>If you have suggestions for improving this document, please <a
198) href="<page contact>">send them to us</a>. Thanks!</p>