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tor-doc-unix.wml

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#include "head.wmi" TITLE="Tor: Linux/BSD/Unix Install Instructions"

<h1>Running the <a href="<page index>">Tor</a> client on Linux/BSD/Unix</h1>
<br />

<p>
<b>Note that these are the installation instructions for running a Tor
client. If you want to relay traffic for others to help the network grow
(please do), read the <a
href="<page docs/tor-doc-relay>">Configuring a relay</a> guide.</b>
</p>

<hr />
<a id="installing"></a>
<h2><a class="anchor" href="#installing">Step One: Download and Install Tor</a></h2>
<br />

<p>
The latest release of Tor can be found on the <a
href="<page download>">download</a> page. We have packages for Debian,
Red Hat, Gentoo, *BSD, etc there too.
</p>

<p>If you're building from source, first install <a
href="http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/">libevent</a>, and
make sure you have openssl and zlib (including the -devel packages if
applicable). Then run:<br />
<tt>tar xzf tor-<version-stable>.tar.gz; cd tor-<version-stable><br />
./configure &amp;&amp; make</tt><br />
Now you can run tor as <tt>src/or/tor</tt>, or you can run <tt>make install</tt>
(as root if necessary) to install it into /usr/local/, and then you can
start it just by running <tt>tor</tt>.
</p>

<p>Tor comes configured as a client by default. It uses a built-in
default configuration file, and most people won't need to change any of
the settings. Tor is now installed.
</p>

<hr />
<a id="privoxy"></a>
<h2><a class="anchor" href="#privoxy">Step Two: Install Privoxy for Web Browsing</a></h2>
<br />

<p>After installing Tor, you need to configure your applications to use it.
</p>

<p>
The first step is to set up web browsing. Start by installing <a
href="http://www.privoxy.org/">Privoxy</a>: click on 'recent releases'
and pick your favorite package or install from source. Privoxy is a
filtering web proxy that integrates well with Tor.
</p>

<p>Once you've installed Privoxy (either from package or from source),
<b>you will need to configure Privoxy to use Tor</b>. You may find
<a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/PrivoxyConfig">this
sample Privoxy configuration</a> useful. Otherwise, you should configure
Privoxy by hand, using the directions that follow.
</p>

<p>
Open Privoxy's "config" file (look in /etc/privoxy/ or /usr/local/etc/)
and add the line <br>
<tt>forward-socks4a / 127.0.0.1:9050 .</tt><br>
to the top of the config file. Don't forget to add the dot at the end.
</p>

<p>Privoxy keeps a log file of everything passed through it.  In
order to stop this you will need to comment out three lines by inserting a
\# before the line. The three lines are:<br>
<tt>logfile logfile</tt><br>
and the line <br>
<tt>jarfile jarfile</tt><br>
and (on some systems) the line <br>
<tt>debug 1  # show each GET/POST/CONNECT request</tt><br>
</p>

<p>Depending on which default config file you have for Privoxy,
you may also need to turn off <tt>enable-remote-toggle</tt>,
<tt>enable-remote-http-toggle</tt>, and <tt>enable-edit-actions</tt>.
</p>

<p>You'll need to restart Privoxy for the changes to take effect.</p>

<hr />
<a id="using"></a>
<h2><a class="anchor" href="#using">Step Three: Configure your applications to use Tor</a></h2>
<br />

<p>After installing Tor and Privoxy, you need to configure your
applications to use them. The first step is to set up web browsing.</p>

<p>If you're using Firefox (we recommend it), simply install the <a
href="https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/2275/">Torbutton
plugin</a>, restart your Firefox, and you're all set:
</p>

<br />

<p>
(<a href="https://torbutton.torproject.org/">Learn more about
Torbutton here</a>.
If you plan to run Firefox on a different computer than Tor, see the <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SocksListenAddress">
FAQ
entry for running Tor on a different computer</a>. If you need to
use a browser other than Firefox, you'll have to <a href="<page
docs/tor-doc-web>">configure its proxy settings yourself</a>.)
</p>

<p>Using privoxy is <strong>necessary</strong> because <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SOCKSAndDNS">browsers
leak your DNS requests when they use a SOCKS proxy directly</a>, which
is bad for your anonymity. Privoxy also removes certain dangerous
headers from your web requests, and blocks obnoxious ad sites like
Doubleclick.</p>

<p>To Torify other applications that support HTTP proxies, just
point them at Privoxy (that is, localhost port 8118). To use SOCKS
directly (for instant messaging, Jabber, IRC, etc), you can point
your application directly at Tor (localhost port 9050), but see <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#SOCKSAndDNS">this
FAQ entry</a> for why this may be dangerous. For applications
that support neither SOCKS nor HTTP, take a look at <a
href="http://tsocks.sourceforge.net/">tsocks</a> or <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorifyHOWTO#socat">socat</a>.
</p>

<p>For information on how to Torify other applications, check out the
<a href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorifyHOWTO">Torify
HOWTO</a>.
</p>

<hr />
<a id="verify"></a>
<h2><a class="anchor" href="#verify">Step Four: Make sure it's working</a></h2>
<br />

<p>
Next, you should try using your browser with Tor and make
sure that your IP address is being anonymized. Click on
<a href="https://check.torproject.org/">the
Tor detector</a>
and see whether it thinks you're using Tor or not.
#<a href="http://ipchicken.com/">this site</a>
#to see what IP address it thinks you're using.
(If that site is down, see <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#IsMyConnectionPrivate">this
FAQ entry</a> for more suggestions on how to test your Tor.)
</p>

<p>If you have a personal firewall that limits your computer's
ability to connect to itself (this includes something like SELinux on
Fedora Core 4), be sure to allow connections from
your local applications to Privoxy (local port 8118) and Tor (local port
9050). If
your firewall blocks outgoing connections, punch a hole so
it can connect to at least TCP ports 80 and 443, and then see <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#FirewalledClient">this
FAQ entry</a>.  If your SELinux config is not allowing tor or privoxy to
run correctly, create a file named booleans.local in the directory
/etc/selinux/targeted.  Edit this file in your favorite text editor and
insert "allow_ypbind=1".  Restart your machine for this change to take
effect.
</p>

<p>If it's still not working, look at <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#ItDoesntWork">this
FAQ entry</a> for hints.</p>

<hr />
<a id="server"></a>
<a id="relay"></a>
<h2><a class="anchor" href="#relay">Step Five: Configure it as a relay</a></h2>
<br />

<p>The Tor network relies on volunteers to donate bandwidth. The more
people who run relays, the faster the Tor network will be. If you have
at least 20 kilobytes/s each way, please help out Tor by configuring your
Tor to be a relay too. We have many features that make Tor relays easy
and convenient, including rate limiting for bandwidth, exit policies so
you can limit your exposure to abuse complaints, and support for dynamic
IP addresses.</p>

<p>Having relays in many different places on the Internet is what
makes Tor users secure. <a
href="https://wiki.torproject.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#RelayAnonymity">You
may also get stronger anonymity yourself</a>,
since remote sites can't know whether connections originated at your
computer or were relayed from others.</p>

<p>Read more at our <a href="<page docs/tor-doc-relay>">Configuring a relay</a>
guide.</p>

<hr />

<p>If you have suggestions for improving this document, please <a
href="<page contact>">send them to us</a>. Thanks!</p>

</div>
</div>

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