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1) ## translation metadata
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2) # Revision: $Revision$
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3) # Translation-Priority: 3-low
4) 
5) #include "head.wmi" TITLE="Tor Project: Debian/Ubuntu Instructions" CHARSET="UTF-8"
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6) {#meta#:
7) <script type="text/javascript" src="debian-selector.js"></script>
8) :#meta#}
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9) 
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10) <div id="content" class="clearfix">
11)   <div id="breadcrumbs">
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12)     <a href="<page index>">Home &raquo; </a>
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13)     <a href="<page docs/documentation>">Documentation &raquo; </a>
14)     <a href="<page docs/debian>">Debian/Ubuntu Instructions</a>
15)   </div>
Roger Dingledine Raspbian is not Debian.

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16)   <div id="maincol">
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17) <a id="debian"></a>
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18) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#debian">Option one: Tor on Debian Stretch - stable,
19) Debian Buster - testing, or Debian Sid - unstable</a></h2>
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20) <br />
21) 
22) <p>
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23) If you're using Debian, just run
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24) </blockquote><pre>  apt install tor </pre></blockquote>
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25) as root.
26) </p>
27) 
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28) <p>Debian provides the <a href="https://packages.debian.org/stretch/tor">LTS</a>
29) version of Tor. Note that this might not always give you the latest stable
30) Tor version, but you will receive important security fixes. To make sure
31) that you're running the latest stable version of Tor, see option two below.
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32) </p>
33) 
34) <p>
35) Now Tor is installed and running. Move on to <a href="<page
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36) docs/tor-doc-unix>#using">step two</a> of the "Tor on Linux/Unix"
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37) instructions.
38) </p>
39) 
40) <hr />
41) 
42) <a id="ubuntu"></a>
43) <a id="packages"></a>
44) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#ubuntu">Option two: Tor on Ubuntu or
45) Debian</a></h2>
46) <br />
47) 
48) <p>
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49) <b>Do not use the packages in Ubuntu's universe.</b> In the past they have
50) not reliably been updated. That means you could be missing stability
51) and security fixes.
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52) </p>
53) 
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54) <p>
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55) <b>Raspbian is not Debian.</b> Tor might run fine on the Raspberry Pi 2 / 3 but not the first generation Pi.
56) These packages might be confusingly broken for Raspbian users, since Raspbian called their architecture armhf but
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57) Debian already has an armhf. See <a
58) href="http://tor.stackexchange.com/questions/242/how-to-run-tor-on-raspbian-on-the-raspberry-pi">this
59) post</a> for details.
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60) </p>
61) 
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62) <p>
63) You'll need to set up our package repository before you can fetch
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64) Tor. First, you need to figure out the name of your distribution. A
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65) quick command to run is <tt>lsb_release -c</tt> or <tt>cat /etc/debian_version</tt>.
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66) If in doubt about your Debian version, check <a href="https://www.debian.org/releases/">the Debian website</a>.
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67) For Ubuntu, ask <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases#Table_of_versions">Wikipedia</a>.
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68) </p>
69) 
70) <div id="selector" style="display: none;">
71) <blockquote>
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72) I run
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73) <select id="distrib">
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74) <option value="jessie">Debian oldstable (jessie)</option>
75) <option value="stretch" selected="selected">Debian stable (stretch)</option>
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76) <option value="buster">Debian testing (buster)</option>
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77) <option value="sid">Debian unstable (sid)</option>
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78) <option value="trusty">Ubuntu Trusty Tahr (14.04 LTS)</option>
79) <option value="xenial">Ubuntu Xenial Xerus (16.04 LTS)</option>
80) <option value="artful">Ubuntu Artful Aardvark (17.10)</option>
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81) </select>
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82) and want
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83) <select id="package"></select>
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84) version
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85) <select id="version"></select>
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86) </blockquote>
87) 
88) 
89) <div id="apt-source">
90) <p>You need to add the following entry in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code> or a new file in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>:</p>
91) 
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92) <blockquote><pre id="sources">deb https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org jessie main
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93) </pre></blockquote>
94) </div>
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95) 
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96) <p>Please note that the <a href="https://packages.debian.org/stretch/apt-transport-https">apt-transport-https package</a> is required to enable the usage of 'deb https://foo distro main' lines in the /etc/apt/sources.list so that all package managers using the libapt-pkg library can access metadata and packages available in sources accessible over https (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure).</p>
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97) 
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98) <div id="sig">
99) <p>Then add the gpg key used to sign the packages by running the following commands at your command prompt:</p>
100) <blockquote><pre>
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101) gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89
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102) gpg --export A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89 | sudo apt-key add -
103) </pre></blockquote>
104) </div>
105) 
106) 
107) <div id="apt-get">
108) <p>You can install it with the following commands:</p>
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109) <blockquote><pre>$ apt update
110) <span id="regular-install">$ apt install <span id="apt-package">tor</span> deb.torproject.org-keyring</span>
111) <span id="source-install">$ apt install build-essential fakeroot devscripts
112) $ apt build-dep tor deb.torproject.org-keyring</span></pre></blockquote>
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113) 
114) <div id="source-install2">
115) <p>
116) Then you can build Tor in ~/debian-packages:
117) </p>
118) <blockquote><pre>
119) $ mkdir ~/debian-packages; cd ~/debian-packages
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120) $ apt source tor
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121) $ cd tor-*
122) $ debuild -rfakeroot -uc -us
123) $ cd ..
124) </pre></blockquote>
125) <p>Now you can install the new package:</p>
126) <blockquote><pre>
127) $ sudo dpkg -i tor_*.deb
128) </pre></blockquote>
129) </div>
130) </div>
131) </div>
132) 
133) <noscript>
134) <p>
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135) Then add this line to your
136) <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt>
137) file:<br />
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138) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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139) deb     http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
140) </pre>
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141) where you put the codename of your distribution (i.e. stretch, buster, sid
142) or whatever it is)
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143) in place of &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt;.
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144) </p>
145) 
146) <p>
147) Then add the gpg key used to sign the packages by running the following
148) commands at your command prompt:
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149) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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150) gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89
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151) gpg --export A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89 | sudo apt-key add -
152) </pre>
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153) Now refresh your sources, running the following command (as root) at your
154) command prompt:
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155) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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156) apt update
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157) </pre>
158) If there are no errors you're good to continue.
159) </p>
160) 
161) <p>
162) We provide a Debian package to help you keep our signing key current.  It is
163) recommended you use it.  Install it using
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164) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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165) apt install deb.torproject.org-keyring
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166) </pre>
167) </p>
168) 
169) <p>
170) To finally install Tor just run:
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171) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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172) apt install tor
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173) </pre>
174) </p>
175) 
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176) </noscript>
177) 
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178) <p>
179) Now Tor is installed and running. Move on to <a href="<page
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180) docs/tor-doc-unix>#using">step two</a> of the "Tor on Linux/Unix"
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181) instructions.
182) </p>
183) 
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184) <noscript>
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185) <p style="font-size: small">
186) The DNS name <code>deb.torproject.org</code> is actually a set of independent
187) servers in a DNS round robin configuration.  If you for some reason cannot
188) access it you might try to use the name of one of its part instead.  Try
189) <code>deb-master.torproject.org</code>,
190) <code>mirror.netcologne.de</code> or
191) <code>tor.mirror.youam.de</code>.
192) </p>
193) 
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194) <p><code>deb.torproject.org</code> is also served through now also served via THS:
195) <a href="http://sdscoq7snqtznauu.onion">​http://sdscoq7snqtznauu.onion/</a>.
196) <br />
197) See ​<a href="https://onion.torproject.org/">https://onion.torproject.org</a> for all
198) torproject.org onion addresses.</p>
199) 
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200) <hr />
201) 
202) <a id="development"></a>
203) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#development">Option three: Using the
204) development branch of Tor on Debian or Ubuntu</a></h2>
205) <br />
206) 
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207) <p>If you want to use the <a href="<page
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208) download/download-unix>#packagediff">development branch</a> of Tor instead
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209) (more features and more bugs), you need to add a different set of lines
210) to your <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt> file:<br />
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211) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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212) deb     http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
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213) deb     http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-experimental-0.3.3.x-&lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
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214) </pre>
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215) where you again substitute the name of your distro (stretch, buster,
216) sid, xenial, ...) in place of
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217) &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt;.
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218) </p>
219) 
220) <p>
221) Then run the following commands at your command prompt:
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222) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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223) gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89
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224) gpg --export A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89 | sudo apt-key add -
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225) apt update
226) apt install tor deb.torproject.org-keyring
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227) </pre>
228) </p>
229) 
230) <p>
231) Now Tor is installed and running. Move on to <a href="<page
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232) docs/tor-doc-unix>#using">step two</a> of the "Tor on Linux/Unix"
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233) instructions.
234) </p>
235) 
236) <hr />
237) 
238) <a id="source"></a>
239) <h2><a class="anchor" href="#source">Building from source</a></h2>
240) <br />
241) 
242) <p>
243) If you want to build your own debs from source you must first add an
244) appropriate <tt>deb-src</tt> line to <tt>sources.list</tt>.
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245) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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246) # For the stable version.
247) deb-src http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
248) 
249) # For the unstable version.
250) deb-src http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
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251) deb-src http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-experimental-0.3.3.x-&lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt; main
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252) </pre>
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253) Substitute the name of your distro (stretch, buster, sid, xenial, ...) in place of &lt;DISTRIBUTION&gt;. Now refresh your sources by running (as root):
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254) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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255) apt update
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256) </pre>
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257) You also need to install the necessary packages to build your own debs and the
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258) packages needed to build Tor:
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259) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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260) apt install build-essential fakeroot devscripts
261) apt build-dep tor
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262) </pre>
263) Then you can build Tor in ~/debian-packages:
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264) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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265) mkdir ~/debian-packages; cd ~/debian-packages
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266) apt source tor
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267) cd tor-*
268) debuild -rfakeroot -uc -us
269) cd ..
270) </pre>
271) Now you can install the new package:
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272) <pre style="margin: 1.5em 0 1.5em 2em">
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273) sudo dpkg -i tor_*.deb
274) </pre>
275) </p>
276) 
277) <p>
278) Now Tor is installed and running. Move on to <a href="<page
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279) docs/tor-doc-unix>#using">step two</a> of the "Tor on Linux/Unix"
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280) instructions.
281) </p>
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282) </noscript>
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283) 
284) <!-- END MAIN COL -->
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285)   </div>
286)   <div id = "sidecol">
287) #include "side.wmi"
288) #include "info.wmi"
289)   </div>
290)   <!-- END SIDECOL -->
291) </div>
292) <!-- END CONTENT -->